Haryana Board Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2026-27

Exam scheme

Theory 70, practical 30 (15 internal + 15 external). Subject code 865.

Unit	Chapters	Marks
Reproduction	Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants; Human Reproduction; Reproductive Health	16
Genetics and evolution	Principles of Inheritance and Variation; Molecular Basis of Inheritance; Evolution	20
Biology in human welfare	Human Health and Diseases; Microbes in Human Welfare	12
Biotechnology	Principles and Processes; Applications	12
Ecology	Organisms and Populations; Ecosystem; Biodiversity and Conservation	10

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants — pre- and post-fertilisation; apomixis and polyembryony.
Human reproduction — gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, parturition.
Reproductive health — contraception, MTPs, STIs, infertility.
Principles of inheritance and variation — Mendel, linkage, sex determination, genetic disorders.
Molecular basis of inheritance — DNA, replication, transcription, translation, lac operon, HGP, DNA fingerprinting.
Evolution — evidence, Hardy–Weinberg, human evolution.
Human health and disease — immunity, AIDS, cancer, drugs and alcohol.
Microbes in human welfare — industry, sewage, biogas, biocontrol, biofertilisers.
Biotechnology — principles and processes.
Biotechnology and its applications — agriculture, medicine, ethical issues.
Organisms and populations
Ecosystem — productivity, energy flow, pyramids.
Biodiversity and conservation

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